Martindale's Temperament/Elements Available In GCAM

We're excited thatĀ Martindale & Martindale's Temperaments/Elements Dictionary is now available in GCAM! This dictionary draws from Bachelard and Greek theory of the temperaments associated with the four elements.

When using these dimensions cite as:

  • Martindale, A. E., & Martindale, C. (1988). Metaphorical equivalence of elements and temperaments: Empirical studies of Bachelard's theory of imagination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55(5), 836-848 [abstract]

The dictionary assesses theĀ Four Temperaments:

  • Air/Sanguine
  • Fire/Choleric
  • Earth/Melancholic
  • Water/Phlegmatic